Kretschmer, Ernest, 1888–1964, German psychiatrist, educated at Tübingen, Hamburg, and Münich (M.D., 1913). He served as director of the neurological clinic of the Univ. of Marburg (1926–46) a...

Autism, developmental disability resulting from a neurological disorder that affects the normal functioning of the brain. It is characterized by the abnormal development of communication skill...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), formerly called hyperkinesis or minimal brain dysfunction, a chronic, neurologically based syndrome characterized by any or all of three types ...

AIDS or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, fatal disease caused by a rapidly mutating retrovirus that attacks the immune system and leaves the victim vulnerable to infections, malignancies, a...

Prince, Morton, 1854–1929, American physician, b. Boston, M.D. Harvard, 1879. He specialized in neurology and abnormal psychology as a physician in Boston and as a teacher at Tufts (1902–12) a...

Moniz, Egas, 1874–1955, Portuguese neurologist and diplomat. From 1903 he served in the Cortes several times and was Portuguese minister (1917) in Madrid and secretary for foreign affairs (191...

Dermatology, branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the skin. Dermatologists also study the structure and function of the skin, and the relation...

Sacks, Oliver Wolf, 1933–, British neurologist and author, b. London, educated at Oxford. In 1960 he moved to the United States, where he continued his medical training. He began an associatio...

Phrenology, study of the shape of the human skull in order to draw conclusions about particular character traits and mental faculties. The theory was developed about 1800 by the German physiol...

Bronk, Detlev Wulf, 1897–1975, American biologist and administrator, b. New York City, grad. Swarthmore College (B.A., 1920), Ph.D. Univ. of Michigan, 1926. He was professor of medical physics...