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Columbia Encyclopedia entry: marble
Marble, metamorphic rock composed wholly or in large part of calcite or dolomite crystals, the crystalline texture being the result of metamorphism of limestone by heat and pressure. The term marble is loosely applied to any limestone or dolomite that takes a good polish and is otherwise suitable as a building stone or ornamental stone. Marbles range in color from snow-white to gray and black, many varieties being some shade of red, yellow, pink, green, or buff; the colors, which are caused by the presence of impurities, are frequently arranged in bands or patches and add to the beauty of the stone when it is cut and polished. Marble is used as a material in statuary and monuments, as a facing stone in buildings and residences, and for pillars, colonnades, paneling, wainscoting, and floor tiles. Like all limestones, it is corroded by water and acid fumes and is thus ultimately an uneconomical material for use in exposed places and in large cities. The presence of certain impurities decreases its durability. Marble was extensively used by the ancient Greeks; the Parthenon and other famous buildings were constructed of white Pentelic marble from Mt. Pentelicus in Attica, and the finest statues, e.g., the Venus de' Medici, from the remarkably lustrous Parian marble from Paros in the Cyclades. These same quarries were later used by the Romans. Among the famous marbles of Italy are the Carrara and Siena marbles of Tuscany, which were used by the Romans and the Italian sculptors of the Renaissance. Marbles are quarried in all parts of the world. The finest marbles in the United States come from Vermont, which produces large quantities. Other states important as marble producers are Massachusetts, Maryland, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, Missouri, California, Colorado, and Arizona. See alabaster.
Wikipedia search results for: Marble
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Marble is a non foliated metamorphic rock resulting from the metamorphism of limestone, composed mostly of calcite. It is extensively used for sculpture, as a building material, and in many other applications. The word "marble" derives from the Ancient Greek μάρμαρον or μάρμαρος, "crystalline rock", "shining stone" , perhaps from the verb μαρμαίρω, "to flash, sparkle, gleam". This stem is also the basis for the English word marmoreal, meaning "marble-like." Marble is a metamorphic rock resulting from regional or, rarely, contact metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks or metamorphism of older marble. This metamorphic process causes a...more »
Columbia Encyclopedia search results: marble
Results 1 - 10  of 250
  • marbling

    Marbling, in bookbinding, a process of coloring the sides, edges, or end papers of a book in a design that suggests the veins and mottles of marble. In tree marbling, as of tree calf bindings,...

  • Elgin Marbles

    Elgin Marbles, ancient sculptures taken from Athens to England in 1806 by Thomas Bruce, 7th earl of Elgin; other fragments exist in several European museums. Consisting of much of the survivin...

  • Marble, Alice

    Marble, Alice, 1913–90, American tennis player, b. Plumas co., Calif. She began playing tennis at the age of 15, and after 1931 she rose rapidly in national tennis rankings. She four times too...

  • Pendelikón

    Pendelikón or Pentelicus, mountain, c.3,670 ft (1,120 m) high, central Greece, NE of Athens. The white marble quarried there was used for many buildings of ancient Athens. Marble is still take...

  • Carrara

    Carrara, city (1991 pop. 67,197), Tuscany, N central Italy, near the Ligurian Sea. It is the most important center of the Italian marble industry; the famous white Carrara marble is quarried i...

  • Carthage, city, United States

    Carthage, city (1990 pop. 10,747), seat of Jasper co., SW Mo., on the Spring River; inc. 1873. Its gray marble quarries are the largest of their kind, and Carthage marble is a major product. M...

  • Dali

    Dali, city, W central Yunnan, on the shore of Erhai lake. It has long been famous for its Dali marble, which is still being produced.

  • Dipoenus

    Dipoenus and Scyllis, c.580 B.C., Greek sculptors, who worked jointly in ivory, ebony, and probably marble. They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder.

  • Aegina, sculptures

    Aegina, c.500–480 B.C., marble sculptures from the temple of Aphaia discovered in 1811 and erroneously restored by Thorvaldsen. They originally decorated the pediments of the temple and repres...

  • Uummannaq

    Uummannaq or Umanak, town (1996 pop. 1,497), W Greenland, on an inlet of Baffin Bay. A hunting and fishing base, it has a canning factory. Marble is quarried there.

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