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krypton
Columbia Encyclopedia entry: krypton
Kryptonkrĭp'tŏn [Gr.,=hidden], gaseous chemical element; symbol Kr; at. no. 36; at. wt. 83.80; m.p. -156.6°C; b.p. -152.3°C; density 3.73 grams per liter at STP; valence usually 0. Krypton is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It is one of the so-called inert gases found in Group 18 of the periodic table. It is a rare gas present in air at a concentration of about one part per million. Naturally occurring krypton is a mixture of six stable isotopes. It is produced commercially by fractional distillation of liquid air. Krypton is used to fill electric lamp bulbs and various electronic devices. Fluorescent lamps are filled with a mixture of krypton and argon. Krypton is also used in tungsten-filament photographic projection lamps and in very high-powered electric arc lights used at airports. A mixture of stable and unstable isotopes of krypton is produced by slow neutron fission of uranium in nuclear reactors. Krypton-85 (half-life about 10 years) is the most stable of the 17 radioactive isotopes known; it makes up about 5% by volume of the krypton produced in the nuclear reactor. It is used to detect leaks in sealed containers, to excite phosphors in light sources with no external source of energy, and in medicine to detect abnormal heart openings. Although krypton does not generally form chemical compounds in the normal sense, gram quantities of krypton difluoride have been prepared and several other compounds have been reported. Krypton has characteristic green and orange lines in its spectrum. In 1960 the meter was defined by international agreement as exactly 1,650,763.73 times the wavelength (in a vacuum) of the orange-red line in the emission spectrum of krypton-86 (see weights and measures). Krypton was discovered in 1898 by William Ramsay and W. M. Travers in residue from the evaporation of a sample of liquid air from which oxygen and nitrogen had been removed.
Wikipedia search results for: Krypton
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Krypton is a chemical element with the symbol Kr and atomic number 36. It is a member of Group 18 and Period 4 elements. A colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas, krypton occurs in trace amounts in the atmosphere, is isolated by fractionally distilling liquified air, and is often used with other rare gases in fluorescent lamps. Krypton is inert for most practical purposes. Krypton can also form clathrates with water when atoms of it are trapped in a lattice of the water molecules. Krypton, like the other noble gases, can be used in lighting and photography. Krypton light has a large number of spectral lines, and krypton's high light output in plasm...more »
Columbia Encyclopedia search results: krypton
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  • Periodic Table of the Elements: Krypton

    Periodic Table of the Elements: KryptonAtomic Number:36Atomic Symbol:KrKryptonAtomic Weight:83.80ElectronConfiguration:2 · 8 · 18 · 8

  • Kr

    Kr, symbol for the element krypton.

  • inert gas

    Inert gas or noble gas, any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table. In order of increasing atomic number they are: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. They are colorless...

  • nonmetal

    Nonmetal, chemical element possessing certain properties by which it is distinguished from a metal. In general, this distinction is drawn on the basis that a nonmetal tends to accept electrons...

  • Ramsay, Sir William

    Ramsay, Sir William, 1852–1916, Scottish chemist. He was professor of chemistry at University College, Bristol (1880–87), and at University College, London (1887–1912). In his early experiment...

  • argon

    Argon [Gr.,=inert], gaseous chemical element; symbol Ar; at. no. 18; at. wt. 39.948; m.p. -189.2°C; b.p. -185.7°C; density 1.784 grams per liter at STP; valence 0. Argon is a colorless, odorle...

  • ununhexium

    Ununhexium, artificially produced radioactive chemical element; symbol Uuh; at. no. 116; mass number of most stable isotope 292; m.p., b.p., sp. gr., and valence unknown. Situated in Group 16 ...

  • iridium

    Iridium, metallic chemical element; symbol Ir; at. no. 77; at. wt. 192.22; m.p. about 2,410°C; b.p. about 4,130°C; sp. gr. 22.55 at 20°C; valence +3 or +4. Iridium is a very hard, usually brit...

  • synthetic elements

    Synthetic elements, in chemistry, radioactive elements that were not discovered occurring in nature but as artificially produced isotopes. They are technetium (at. no. 43), which was the first...

  • ununoctium

    Ununoctium, artificially produced radioactive chemical element; symbol Uuo; at. no. 118. Scientists from the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, and Lawrence Livermore Natio...

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