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Columbia Encyclopedia entry: actinium
Actiniumăktĭn'ēəm [Gr.,=like a ray], radioactive chemical element; symbol Ac; at. no. 89; at. wt. 227.0278; m.p. about 1,050°C; b.p. 3,200°C±300°C; sp. gr. 10.07; valence +3. Actinium is a silver-white metal with a cubic crystalline structure. It is found with uranium minerals in pitchblende. The pure metal can be prepared by reducing its fluoride with lithium vapor at about 1,200°C. Actinium-227, the most stable isotope, has a half-life of 21.6 years. The other seven isotopes of actinium have very short half-lives ranging from 10 days to less than 1 min. Actinium is in Group 3 of the periodic table. Its chemical properties are similar to those of lanthanum and of members of the actinide series, of which it is usually considered the first member. It reacts with water to form an insoluble hydroxide; with halides to form a trifluoride, trichloride, bromide, or iodide; with oxalic acid to form the oxalate; with oxygen or sulfur to form the sesquioxide or sesquisulfide. Actinium was first recognized in 1899 by André Debierne in uranium residues from pitchblende after the radium was extracted by Pierre and Marie Curie. It was later found to be identical with an element discovered in 1902 by Fritz Giesel and which he called emanium.
Wikipedia search results for: Actinium
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Actinium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Ac and atomic number 89, which was discovered in 1899. It was the first non-primordial radioactive element to be isolated. Polonium, radium and radon were observed before actinium, but they were not isolated until 1902. Actinium gave the name to the actinoid series, a group of 15 similar elements between actinium and lawrencium in the periodic table. André-Louis Debierne, a French chemist, announced the discovery of a new element in 1899. He separated it from pitchblende and described the substance as similar to titanium and as similar to thorium. Friedrich Oskar Giesel independently...more »
Columbia Encyclopedia search results: actinium
Results 1 - 9  of 9
  • actinium series

    Actinium series, natural radioactive decay series beginning with uranium-235 (also called actinouranium) and ending with lead-207. See radioactivity.

  • Periodic Table of the Elements: Actinium

    Periodic Table of the Elements: ActiniumAtomic Number:89Atomic Symbol:AcActiniumAtomic Weight:227.0278ElectronConfiguration:2 · 8 · 1832 · 189 · 2

  • Ac, chemical symbol

    Ac, symbol for the element actinium.

  • actinide series

    Actinide series, a series of radioactive metallic elements in Group 3 of the periodic table. Members of the series are often called actinides, although actinium (at. no. 89) is not always cons...

  • Meitner, Lise

    Meitner, Lise, 1878–1968, Austrian-Swedish physicist and mathematician. She was professor at the Univ. of Berlin (1926–33). A refugee from Germany after 1938, she became associated with the Un...

  • francium

    Francium [from France], radioactive chemical element; symbol Fr; at. no. 87; mass no. of most stable isotope 223; m.p. about 27°C (estimated); b.p. 677°C (estimated); sp. gr. unknown; valence ...

  • protactinium

    Protactinium, radioactive chemical element; symbol Pa; at. no. 91; at. wt. 231.0359; m.p. greater than 1,600°C; b.p. 4,026°C; sp. gr. 15.37 (calculated); valence +4, +5. Protactinium is a mall...

  • uranium

    Uranium, radioactive metallic chemical element; symbol U; at. no. 92; at. wt. 238.0289; m.p. 1,132°C; b.p. 3,818°C; sp. gr. 19.1 at 25°C; valence +3, +4, +5, or +6. Uranium is a hard, dense, m...

  • Elements (table)

    ElementsElementSymbolAtomic NumberAtomic Weight1Melting Point(Degrees Celsius)Boiling Point(Degrees Celsius)1 Parentheses indicate most stable isotope.actiniumAc89227.02781050.3200....

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