Yalta Conference, meeting (Feb. 4–11, 1945), at Yalta, Crimea, USSR, of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. Mo...

Livadiya, town, S Ukraine, in the Crimea near Yalta, on the Black Sea. It produces wine and is a noted health resort. Dating from medieval times, Livadiya became a summer residence of the Russ...

Potsdam Conference, meeting (July 17–Aug. 2, 1945) of the principal Allies in World War II (the United States, the USSR, and Great Britain) to clarify and implement agreements previously reach...

Oder-Neisse line, frontier established in 1945 between Germany and Poland; it followed the Oder and W Neisse rivers from the Baltic Sea to the Czechoslovak border. The boundary, desired by mos...

Bohlen, Charles Eustis, 1904–74, American diplomat, born Clayton, N.Y. He entered (1929) the U.S. Foreign Service and undertook several consular assignments. A specialist in Russian affairs, B...

Mikołajczyk, Stanislaus, 1901–66, Polish politician and leader of the Polish Peasant party. After the German conquest of Poland, he became vice premier (1941) and premier (1943) in the Polish ...

Stettinius, Edward Reilly, Jr., 1900–1949, American statesman and industrialist, b. Chicago. He held (1926–34) several executive posts in the General Motors Corp., and in 1938 he became chairm...

Lublin, city (1994 est. pop. 352,100), capital of Lubelskie prov., SE Poland. It is a railway junction and industrial center. Manufactures include trucks, agricultural machinery, chemicals, an...

Kuril Islands or Kuriles, Jap. Chishima-Retto, Rus. Kurilskiye Ostrova, island chain, c.6,020 sq mi (15,590 sq km), Sakhalin region, E Russia. They stretch c.775 mi (1,250 km) between S Kamcha...

Crimea, Rus. and Ukr. Krym, peninsula and autonomous republic (1991 est. pop. 2,363,000), c.10,000 sq mi (25,900 sq km), extreme SE Ukraine, linked with the mainland by the Perekop Isthmus. Th...