Buchenwald, village, Thuringia, S central Germany, in the Buchenwald forest, near Weimar. It was the site of a large concentration camp established by the National Socialist (Nazi) regime in 1...

Preller, Friedrich, 1804–78, German painter and etcher, professor at the Weimar Academy. He is best known for his Odyssey landscapes, a series of 16 encaustic paintings. Also notable are his T...

Damrosch, Leopold, 1832–85, German conductor. After taking a degree in medicine, he became (1857) first violinist in the ducal orchestra at Weimar, where he was a friend of Liszt and Wagner. I...

Eckermann, Johann Peter, 1792–1854, German scholar and author. He assisted Goethe in various literary labors, was professor of English and German at the Univ. of Jena, and later was librarian ...

Joachim, Joseph, 1831–1907, Hungarian violinist; friend of Mendelssohn, Brahms, and Schumann. In his long career his performances of violin masterpieces came to be accepted as models. Joachim ...

Kalckreuth, Leopold Karl Walter, Graf von, 1855–1928, German painter and graphic artist. He taught at the Weimar and Karlsruhe academies and directed the Stuttgart Academy (1900–1905). Althoug...

Raff, Joseph Joachim, 1822–82, Swiss-German composer and pianist, largely self-taught. He was a friend and follower of Liszt, who produced his opera King Alfred at Weimar in 1851. A prolific c...

Quidde, Ludwig, 1858–1941, German pacifist and historian. He was elected (1907) to the Bavarian diet, was a member (1919–22) of the national assembly at Weimar, and later served in the Reichst...

Bülow, Hans Guido, Freiherr von, 1830–94, German pianist and conductor. After hearing Wagner's Lohengrin in 1850 at Weimar under Liszt's direction, he studied piano with Liszt and later conduc...

Saxe-Gotha, Ger. Sachsen-Gotha, former duchy, Thuringia, central Germany. A possession of the Ernestine branch of the house of Wettin, it passed in the 16th cent. to the dukes of Saxe-Weimar. ...