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Valais
Columbia Encyclopedia entry: Valais
Valaisvälā', Ger. Wallis, canton (1993 pop. 262,400), 2,021 sq mi (5,234 sq km), S Switzerland. Sion is the capital. Bordering on France and Italy, the Valais extends from the Bernese Alps in the north to the Pennine Alps in the south, with the fertile upper Rhône valley between them. It has some of the highest peaks (Matterhorn, Dufourspitze, Dom, and Weisshorn) in Switzerland. It is a transportation hub, with an airport and 10 railways, which support an extensive tourist trade. Mainly a livestock-raising and agricultural canton, it is also known for its fine wines. The Valais has a well-developed hydroelectric system, which produces about 15% of Switzerland's power, and its industries produce metal products and chemicals. Zermatt is the largest of its numerous resorts and winter sports centers. Most of the population is French-speaking and Roman Catholic. Taken by the Romans in 57 B.C., the region later passed to the Burgundians and to the Franks. In 999, Rudolf III of Burgundy made the bishop of Sion lord of Valais, but the country later split, with the Lower Valais passing to Savoy. In 1475, the bishop of Sion and the communes of the Upper Valais, which had gained considerable autonomy, defeated the duke of Savoy, and from then until 1798 the Lower Valais was held in subjection by the Upper Valais. Made a canton of the Helvetic Republic in 1798, an independent republic in 1802, and a French department in 1810, the Valais became a canton of the Swiss Confederation in 1815.
Wikipedia search results for: Valais
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Valais is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the southwestern part of the country, around the valley of the Rhône from its headwaters to Lake Geneva, separating the Pennine Alps from the Bernese Alps. The canton is one of the drier parts of Switzerland in its central Rhône valley. Paradoxically it is also one of most well-watered parts, having large amounts of snow and rain up on the highest peaks found in Switzerland. The canton of Valais is probably best known for the Matterhorn and ski resorts such as Zermatt or Verbier. The Romans called the area Vallis Poenina. From 888 onwards the lands were part of the kingdom of Jurane Burgundy....more »
Columbia Encyclopedia search results: Valais
Results 1 - 10  of 19
  • Dent Blanche

    Dent Blanche, peak, 14,318 ft (4,364 m) high, Valais canton, S Switzerland, in the Pennine Alps.

  • Gemmi

    Gemmi, pass, 7,620 ft (2,323 m) high, S Switzerland, connecting Bern and Valais cantons, in the Bernese Alps.

  • Weisshorn

    Weisshorn, peak, 14,782 ft (4,506 m) high, Valais canton, S Switzerland, one of the highest in the Pennine Alps.

  • Combin, Grand

    Combin, Grand, peak, 14,164 ft (4,317 m) high, Valais canton, S Switzerland, in the Pennine Alps, near the Italian border.

  • Dom

    Dom, peak, 14,942 ft (4,554 m) high, Valais canton, S Switzerland, in the Mischabelhörner group. It is the highest peak entirely in Switzerland.

  • Zermatt

    Zermatt, village (1989 est. pop. 4,000), Valais canton, S Switzerland. Near the Matterhorn, Zermatt is a popular resort for mountain-climbing and winter sports.

  • Grimsel

    Grimsel, pass, 7,159 ft (2,182 m) high, S Switzerland, between the Rhône and Aare valleys. The Grimsel Road (built 1891–94), over the pass, connects Bern and Valais cantons.

  • Brig, town, Switzerland

    Brig, Fr. Brigue, town, Valais canton, S Switzerland, on the Rhône River, at the north entrance of the Simplon Tunnel. Although it has a noted 17th-century palace, Brig is primarily known as t...

  • Sion, town, Switzerland

    Sion, Ger. Sitten, town (1993 pop. 25,300), capital of Valais canton, SW Switzerland, on the Rhône River. An ancient town, Sion is now a wine and horticultural market center. There are hydroel...

  • Sierre

    Sierre, Ger. Siders, town (1990 pop. 14,143), Valais canton, S Switzerland, on the Rhône River. A market town, it is the center of a rich horticultural region. There is a large aluminum plant ...

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