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Trondheim
Columbia Encyclopedia entry: Trondheim
Trondheimtrôn'hām, city (1995 pop. 142,792), capital of Sør-Trøndelag co., central Norway, a port on the Trondheimsfjord (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean). It is also known by its original name, Nidaros. The third largest city of Norway, it is a commercial, industrial, and shipping center. Manufactures include metal goods, construction materials, textiles, processed food, and forest products. Founded in 997 by Olaf I, the king who introduced Christianity to Norway, the city was the political and religious capital of medieval Norway. In 1152, Nicholas Breakspear (later Pope Adrian IV) made it a archiepiscopal see. The city was also an important trade center until the Hanseatic period, when its trade was largely diverted (14th cent.) to Bergen. Olaf Engelbrektsson, archbishop of Nidaros, strongly resisted (early 16th cent.) the attempt of King Christian III to force the Reformation on Norway and defended the rights of Norway as a separate kingdom. However, in 1537, Engelbrektsson was obliged to flee, and in the same year the Reformation was introduced and Roman Catholic bishoprics were abolished. Renamed Trondheim (or Trondhjem), the city declined considerably after this blow to its religious ascendancy. In 1681 it was severely damaged by a fire. Only in the mid-19th cent. did Trondheim reemerge as an important economic center. Its position was enhanced when Haakon VII was crowned (1906) in Nidaros Cathedral as the first king of modern, independent Norway; subsequent rulers of Norway have also been crowned there. In World War II, Trondheim was occupied by the Germans on the first day (Apr. 9, 1940) of their invasion of Norway. It became a major German naval base and as such was frequently bombed by the Allies. Today Trondheim is a well-planned city. Its celebrated cathedral, originally a church erected over the tomb of Olaf II (St. Olaf) in the 11th cent., was built in the 12th and 13th cent., but it was later ravaged by several fires. Reconstruction was begun in 1869, and the completed structure, built of Norwegian blue soapstone and white marble, is considered by many to be the finest Gothic-style cathedral in Scandinavia. Also of note in the city is the Stiftsgaard, a large wooden building (18th cent.) that serves as a royal residence.

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Wikipedia search results for: Trondheim
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
is a city and municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The city of Trondheim was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838. The rural municipalities of Byneset, Leinstrand, Strinda, and Tiller were merged with Trondheim on 1 January 1964. Trondheim is a Norwegian center of education, technical and medical research with the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and SINTEF located in the city. NTNU has about 25,000 students. With 168,257 inhabitants, Trondheim is Norway's third largest municipality, as well as the centre of the fourth largest urban area, with a population of approximately 162,568. As of April 2009, the Trondheim Region, a...more »
Columbia Encyclopedia search results: Trondheim
Results 1 - 7  of 7
  • Sør-Trøndelag

    Sør-Trøndelag, county (1995 pop. 256,266), c.7,250 sq mi (18,800 sq km), central Norway, bordering on Sweden in the east. Trondheim is the capital. The county has productive farmland and exten...

  • Arrebo, Anders

    Arrebo, Anders, 1587–1637, Danish poet, bishop of Trondheim. His massive narrative poem, the Hexaemeron (written c.1630, pub. 1661), introduced the alexandrine meter to N Europe, where it beca...

  • Trondheimsfjord

    Trondheimsfjord, inlet of the Norwegian Sea, c.80 mi (130 km) long, W central Norway. It is considered a natural boundary between N and S Norway. Trondheim is on a peninsula in the fjord. The ...

  • Sverre

    Sverre, d. 1202, king of Norway (1184–1202). He claimed to be the illegitimate son of King Sigurd; the question of his paternity is still disputed. He spent his childhood in the Faeroe Islands...

  • Scandinavian art and architecture

    Scandinavian art and architecture, works of art and structures created in the Scandinavian area of Europe. The Scandinavian countries are rich in artifacts and objects of archaeological intere...

  • Iceland

    Iceland, Icel. Ísland, officially Republic of Iceland, republic (2005 est. pop. 297,000), 39,698 sq mi (102,819 sq km), the westernmost state of Europe, occupying an island in the Atlantic Oce...

  • Norway

    Norway, Nor. Norge, officially Kingdom of Norway, constitutional monarchy (2005 est. pop. 4,593,000), 125,181 sq mi (324,219 sq km), N Europe, occupying the western part of the Scandinavian pe...

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