The Columbia Encyclopedia. Copyright © 2001-09 Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
Press, freedom of the, liberty to print or to otherwise disseminate information, as in print, by broadcasting, or through electronic media, without prior restraints such as licensing requireme...
Censorship, official prohibition or restriction of any type of expression believed to threaten the political, social, or moral order. It may be imposed by governmental authority, local or nati...
Secret police, policing organization operating in secrecy for the political purposes of its government, often with terroristic procedures. Enforcement of the law has required, in nearly all so...
Education, any process, either formal or informal, that shapes the potential of a maturing organism. Informal education results from the constant effect of environment, and its strength in sha...
Directing, the art of leading dramatic performances on the stage or in films. The modern theatrical director is in complete charge of all the artistic aspects of a dramatic presentation.It is ...
Wilson, Woodrow (Thomas Woodrow Wilson), 1856–1924, 28th President of the United States (1913–21), b. Staunton, Va. He graduated from Princeton in 1879 and studied law at the Univ. of Virginia...
American Revolution, 1775–83, struggle by which the Thirteen Colonies on the Atlantic seaboard of North America won independence from Great Britain and became the United States. It is also cal...
European Union (EU), name given since the ratification (Nov., 1993) of the Treaty of European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, to the European Community (EC), an economic and political confederati...
Text1 of the Constitution of the United States1 Modern usage in spelling, punctuation, and capitalization has been employed.PreambleWe, the people of the United States, in order to form a more...
Vermont [Fr.,=green mountain], New England state of the NE United States. It is bordered by New Hampshire, across the Connecticut R. (E), Massachusetts (S), New York, with Lake Champlain formi...
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