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Columbia Encyclopedia entry: Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württembergbä'dən-wûr'təmbûrg, Ger. vür'təmbĕrk′, state (1994 pop. 10,000,000), 13,803 sq mi (35,750 sq km), SW Germany. Stuttgart is the capital. It was formed in 1952 by the merger of Württemberg-Baden, Württemberg-Hohenzollern, and postwar Baden, all of which came into being after 1945. It includes the historic states of Baden and Württemberg, the former principality of Hohenzollern, and the former district of Lindau, Bavaria. The state borders on Switzerland in the south, France and the Rhineland-Palatinate in the west, Hesse in the north, and Bavaria in the east. Drained by the Rhine (which forms its border on the west), the upper Danube, and the Neckar, Baden-Württemberg includes the Black Forest in the southwest, Lake Constance in the south, and the Swabian Jura in the southeast. It is a forested and fertile land (the Rhine plain is one of the most fertile areas in Germany), but lacks valuable mineral deposits. Industries (chiefly the manufacture of electrical goods, clocks, watches, textiles, and the assembly of motor vehicles) are the main employers and are centered at Stuttgart, Mannheim, Karlsruhe, Heidelberg, Freiburg, and Ulm. Agriculture, forestry, and livestock raising are also important. One of the largest and most varied tourist areas of Germany, Baden-Württemberg has the picturesque Neckar valley, the idyllic forests and lakes of the south, and the famous spas of Baden-Baden and Wildbad. Freiburg and Heidelberg have noted universities. The history of Baden-Württemberg is the history of Baden and of Württemberg.
Columbia Encyclopedia search results: BadenWürttemberg
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  • Hohentwiel

    Hohentwiel, mountain, 2,260 ft (689 m) high, in Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany. On the summit of Hohentwiel are the ruins of an ancient castle that was the seat of the dukes of Swabia in the 10...

  • Friedrichshafen

    Friedrichshafen, city (1994 pop. 56,050), Baden-Württemberg, S Germany, a port on Lake Constance. Industries include ship and railroad car repair, leatherworking, and the manufacture of cars a...

  • Hohenzollern, former province, Germany

    Hohenzollern, former province of Germany. After 1945 it became part of the temporary state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern, which was included in the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. Its chief ...

  • Pforzheim

    Pforzheim, city (1994 pop. 117,450), Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany, on the Enz River, at the northern end of the Black Forest. It is the center of the German jewelry and watchmaking industry. ...

  • Karlsruhe

    Karlsruhe, city (1994 pop. 278,000), Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany, on the northern fringes of the Black Forest, connected by canal with a port on the nearby Rhine River. It is a transportatio...

  • Ulm

    Ulm, city (1994 pop. 114,839), Baden-Württemberg, S Germany, on the Danube (Donau) River. It is an active river port, rail junction, and industrial center. Manufactures include motor vehicles,...

  • Swabia

    Swabia, Ger. Schwaben, historic region, mainly in S Baden-Württemberg and SW Bavaria, SW Germany. It is bounded in the east by Upper Bavaria, in the west by France, and in the south by Switzer...

  • Göppingen

    Göppingen, city (1994 pop. 56,770), Baden-Württemberg, S Germany. Its manufactures include machinery, precision instruments, textiles, plastics, and toys. Mineral water is bottled and shipped....

  • Ravensburg

    Ravensburg, city (1994 pop. 47,099), Baden-Württemberg, S Germany. Its manufactures include machinery, paper, textiles, and wood products. Ravensburg was founded in the late 11th cent. under t...

  • Baden-Baden

    Baden-Baden, city (1994 pop. 52,710), Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany, in the Black Forest. It is one of Europe's most fashionable spas; its manufactures include electronics and pharmaceuticals....

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