See H. Osborne, Indians of the Andes, Aymaras and Quechuas (1952); J. Steward, ed., Handbook of South American Indians, Vol. II (1963); H. and J.-M. Buechler, The Bolivian Aymara (1971); A. L. Kolata, Valley of the Spirits (1996).
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- Morales, Evo
Morales, Evo (Juan Evo Morales Ayma), 1959–, Bolivian political leader, president of Bolivia (2006–). An Aymara, he became a coca farmer when his family moved to Boliva's lowlands. In the 1980...
- Tacna
Tacna, city (1993 pop. 115,633), capital of Tacna dept., S Peru, on the Río Caplina. Tacna is an agricultural center that produces tobacco, grapes, cotton, and sugarcane. It is on the Pan-Amer...
- El Alto
El Alto, city (2001 pop. 649,958), La Paz dept., W Bolivia. A burgeoning suburb of La Paz, El Alto is on a plateau overlooking the capital from the west. Although predominantly poor and reside...
- Tiahuanaco
Tiahuanaco, ancient native ruin, W Bolivia, 34 mi (55 km) S of Lake Titicaca, near the Peruvian border. Nearly 13,000 ft (3,962 m) above sea level, Tiahuanaco was probably the center of a pre-...
- Natives, South American
Natives, South American, aboriginal peoples of South America. In the land mass extending from the Isthmus of Panama to Tierra del Fuego, Native American civilizations developed long before the...
- Andes
Andes, mountain system, more than 5,000 mi (8,000 km) long, W South America. The ranges run generally parallel to the Pacific coast and extend from Tierra del Fuego northward, across the equat...
- Bolivia
Bolivia, officially Republic of Bolivia, republic (2005 est. pop. 8,858,000), 424,162 sq mi (1,098,581 sq km), W South America. One of the two inland countries of South America, Bolivia is shu...
- Native American languages
Native American languages, languages of the native peoples of the Western Hemisphere and their descendants. A number of the Native American languages that were spoken at the time of the Europe...
- Inca
Inca, pre-Columbian empire, W South America. The name Inca may specifically refer to the emperor, but is generally used to mean the empire or the people. Centered at Cuzco, Peru, the empire at...
- Peru, country, South America
Peru, Span. Perú, officially Republic of Peru, republic (2005 est. pop. 27,926,000), 496,220 sq mi (1,285,210 sq km), W South America. It borders on the Pacific Ocean in the west, on Ecuador a...
